Center for Magnetic Resonance

T.V. Serebryanskaya, A.S. Novikov, P.V. Gushchin, A.A. Zolotarev, V.V. Gurzhiy, V.Yu. Kukushkin

“Coupling of platinated triguanides with platinumactivated nitriles as a novel strategy for generation of dimetallic systems”

Dalton Trans., 2015, 44, 6003-6011 DOI:10.1039/c4dt03870c

One of two PtIV-activated propanenitriles in trans-[PtCl4(EtCN)2] is involved in platinum(IV)-mediated nitrile–imine coupling with the platinum(II)-based metallacycles [PtCl2{NH[double bond, length as m-dash]C(NR2)N(Ph)C([double bond, length as m-dash]NH)N(Ph)C(NR2)[double bond, length as m-dash]NH}] [R2 = Me2 (1a), C5H10 (1b)] yielding diplatinum products, whose structures depend on molar ratios between the reactants. At a 1:1 ratio, the mixed-valence platinum(II)/platinum(IV) species [PtCl4{NH[double bond, length as m-dash]C(NR2)N(Ph)C{[double bond, length as m-dash][(N(Et)C[double bond, length as m-dash]NH)PtCl2(EtCN)]}N(Ph)C(NR2)[double bond, length as m-dash]NH}] [R2 = Me2 (2a), (CH2)5 (2b)] were generated, whereas at a 1:2 ratio the dinuclear platinum(II)/platinum(II) complexes [PtCl2{NH[double bond, length as m-dash]C(NR2)N(Ph)C{[double bond, length as m-dash][(N(Et)C[double bond, length as m-dash]NH)PtCl2(EtCN)]}N(Ph)C(NR2)[double bond, length as m-dash]NH}] [R2 = Me2 (3a), (CH2)5 (3b)] were obtained. In contrast to the nitrile–imine coupling observed for the platinum(IV) dinitrile complex, the reaction between the platinum(II) congener trans-[PtCl2(EtCN)2] and any one of 1a,b gives exclusively the substituted dimetallic platinum(II)/platinum(II) products [PtCl2{NH[double bond, length as m-dash]C(NR2)N(Ph)C{[double bond, length as m-dash][(NH)PtCl2(EtCN)]}N(Ph)C(NR2)[double bond, length as m-dash]NH}] [R2 = Me2 (6a), (CH2)5 (6b)] featuring platinum-containing guanidine 1 as one of the ligands. Complexes 2a,b, 3a,b, and 6a,b were characterized by elemental analyses (C, H, N), HRESI-MS, IR, 1H NMR spectroscopy, and DTA/TG. The molecular and crystal structure of 2a·2CDCl3 was additionally studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complexes 2a,b undergo further redox transformation in solutions, and single crystals of [PtCl2{NH[double bond, length as m-dash]C(NMe2)N(Ph)C{[double bond, length as m-dash][(N(Et)C[double bond, length as m-dash]NH)PtCl2(MeCN)]}N(Ph)C(NMe2)[double bond, length as m-dash]NH}]·2CH2Cl2 (3′a·2CH2Cl2) were obtained from 2a in a CH2Cl2–MeCN–C2H4Cl2 mixture and studied by X-ray crystallography. The driving forces for the generation of diplatinum products 2 and 3 were elucidated based on a quantum-chemical study.

A. Stepakov, S. Galkina, D. Bogomaz, E. Gaginskaya, A. Saifitdinova

“Modified Synthesis of 6-carboxyfluorescein (6-FAM): Application to Probe Labeling for Conventional Cytogenetics”

British J. App. Sci. Technol., 2015, 7, 423-428

DOI:10.9734/BJAST/2015/15991

Aims: Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), the routine technique of molecular cytogenetics, is widely used to detect and localize the presence of specific nucleic acids sequences in chromosomes, cell nucleus space, cells and tissue samples through the use of highly complementary probes to targets sequence. Expansion of FISH method application for research purposes and medical diagnostics requires efficient and low-cost production of labeled nucleic acid probes.
Methodology and Results: We developed an effective method of fluorescein hydroxyalkyl carboxamides synthesis. This modification of the basic protocol of 6-carboxyfluorescein (6-FAM) synthesis enabled the production of highly reactive conjugate perfectly suitable for terminal labeling of newly generated oligonucleotides. Efficiency of 6-FAM labeled oligonucleotides obtained by the use of modified protocol has been proved for conventional cytogenetics.
Conclusion: The suggested procedure of 6-FAM labeled oligonucleotides synthesis allows obtaining the high yield of directly labeled FISH probes. The introduction of this method into practice of cytogenetic studies will improve their efficiency and reduce the cost of an examination.

M.M. Efremova, A.P. Molchanov, A.V. Stepakov, R.R. Kostikov, V.S. Shcherbakova, A.V. Ivanov

“A highly efficient [3+2] cycloaddition of nitrile oxides and azomethine imines to N-vinylpyrroles”

Tetrahedron, 2015, 71, 2071-2078

DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2015.02.058

1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of various nitrile oxides to substituted N-vinylpyrroles proceed with high efficiency and selectivity with the formation of single isomer of 5-pyrrolyl-substituted isoxazoline. The reaction of N-vinylpyrroles with cyclic azomethine imines occurs regioselectively affording 7-(pyrrol-1-yl)- substituted pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazolones as a mixture of two diastereomers.

M.S. Ledovskaya, A.P. Molchanov, V.M. Boitsov, R.R. Kostikov, A.V. Stepakov

“An efficient synthesis of substituted isoxazolopyrroloisoquinolines via diastereoselective N-acyliminium ion cyclization”

Tetrahedron, 2015, 71, 1952-1958

DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2015.02.031

A simple and efficient strategy was developed for the synthesis of fused pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline ring systems. The 5- and 6-substituted isoxazolopyrroloisoquinolines were readily prepared via diastereoselective N-acyliminium ion cyclization of 5-(1-R(or 2-R)-substituted-2-phenylethyl)-6-hydroxytetrahydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]isoxazol-4-ones derived from the corresponding bicyclic dihydroisoxazoles.

K.S. Kisel, G. Linti, G.L. Starova, V.V. Sizov, A.S. Melnikov, A.P. Pushkarev, M.N. Bochkarev, E.V. Grachova, S.P. Tunik

“Syntheses, Structures, and Photophysical Properties of Eu and Lu Diketonates with a Neutral Polydentate Imidazolylmethanamine Ligand”

Eur. J. Inorg. Chem., 2015

DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201403186

The Schiff base NNO ligand 1-(furan-2-yl)-N-[(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methylene]methanamine was synthesized and structurally characterized by XRD crystallography, mass spectrometry, and NMR spectroscopy. Quantum-chemical calculations revealed conformational flexibility of the ligand backbone to give two different conformations with nearly equal ground-state energies. The orientation of two nitrogen atoms and the oxygen atom in one conformation is a good fit for the NNO tridentate coordination mode, whereas the other would allow the NN coordination mode only. Two lanthanide complexes [Ln(tta)3(NNO)] (Ln = EuIII and LuIII; tta = thenoyltrifluoroacetone) were prepared and studied spectroscopically. The structures of the complexes were optimized by the DFT approach. The NNO ligand in the Eu complex displays tridentate NNO coordination, whereas the ligand is only NN-coordinated in the Lu complex. The Eu complex shows bright red metal-centered phosphorescence under excitation into the ligand (π–π*) absorption bands with a quantum yield of ca. 80 % and a lifetime of 580 μs. A mechanism for energy transfer between the ligands and metal centers was suggested and confirmed by DFT and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) studies. An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) device based on the Eu complex incorporated into a poly(9-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) matrix was prepared. A study of the characteristics of the device revealed electrochromism of the system owing to variations in the efficacy of metal-centered and matrix emission at different strengths of applied electric field.

N.V. Rostovskii, M.S. Novikov, A.F. Khlebnikov, G.L. Starova, M.S. Avdontseva

“Azirinium ylides from α-diazoketones and 2H-azirines on the route to 2H-1,4-oxazines: three-membered ring opening vs 1,5-cyclization”

Beilstein J. Org. Chem., 2015, 11, 302-312

DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.35

Strained azirinium ylides derived from 2H-azirines and α-diazoketones under Rh(II)-catalysis can undergo either irreversible ring opening across the N–C2 bond to 2-azabuta-1,3-dienes that further cyclize to 2H-1,4-oxazines or reversibly undergo a 1,5-cyclization to dihydroazireno[2,1-b]oxazoles. Dihydroazireno[2,1-b]oxazoles derived from 3-aryl-2H-azirines and 3-diazoacetylacetone or ethyl diazoacetoacetate are able to cycloadd to acetyl(methyl)ketene generated from 3-diazoacetylacetone under Rh(II) catalysis to give 4,6-dioxa-1-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-2-ene and/or 5,7-dioxa-1-azabicyclo[4.3.1]deca-3,8-diene-2-one derivatives. According to DFT calculations (B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p)), the cycloaddition can involve two modes of nucleophilic attack of the dihydroazireno[2,1-b]oxazole intermediate on acetyl(methyl)ketene followed by aziridine ring opening into atropoisomeric oxazolium betaines and cyclization. Azirinium ylides generated from 2,3-di- and 2,2,3-triaryl-substituted azirines give rise to only 2-azabuta-1,3-dienes and/or 2H-1,4-oxazines.

J.J. Medvedev, O.S. Galkina, A.A. Klinkova, D.S. Giera, L. Hennig, C. Schneider, V.A. Nikolaev

“Domino [4 + 1]-annulation of α,β-unsaturated δ-amino esters with Rh(II)–carbenoids – a new approach towards multi-functionalized N-aryl pyrrolidines”

Org. Biomol. Chem., 2015, 13, 2640-2651

DOI: 10.1039/C4OB02454K

Catalytic decomposition of diazomalonates and other diazoesters using Rh(II)- and Cu(II)-complexes in the presence of α,β-unsaturated δ-(N-aryl)amino esters gives rise to the formation of multi-functionalized pyrrolidines with yields of up to 82%. The reaction apparently occurs as a domino process involving the initial N-ylide formation followed by intramolecular Michael addition to the conjugated system of amino esters to afford the pyrrolidine heterocycle. The whole process can also be classified as a [4 + 1]-annulation of the δ-amino α,β-unsaturated ester with the carbenoid intermediate.

D. Boyarskaya, M. Avdontceva, T. Chulkova

“Synthesis and crystal structure of 2-isocyano-4-methylphenyl diphenylacetate: a rare case of an easily accessible odourless isocyanide”

Acta Cryst. C, 2015, C71, 155-158

DOI: 10.1107/S2053229615001588

Acidic hydrogen containing 2-isocyano-4-methylphenyl diphenylacetate, C22H17NO2, (I), was synthesized by the base-promoted reaction between 5-methylbenzoxazole and diphenylacetyl chloride. Achiral (I) crystallizes in the chiral P212121 space group. The C[triple-bond]N bond length is 1.164 (2) Å and the angle between the OCO and 2-isocyano-4-methylphenyl planes is 69.10 (16)°. Molecules are linked via C=O…Hphenyl and bifurcated N[triple-bond]C…Hphenyl/N[triple-bond]C…Hmethine hydrogen bonds, forming one-dimensional arrays.

A.S. Bogachenkov, A.V. Dogadina, V.P. Boyarskiy, A.V. Vasilyev

“Acid-promoted transformations of 1-(diphenylphosphoryl)allenes: synthesis of novel 1,4-dihydrophosphinoline 1-oxides”

Org. Biomol. Chem., 2015, 13, 1333-1338

DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02269f

1-(Diphenylphosphoryl)alka-1,2-dienes (phosphonoallenes) in Brønsted (super)acids (TfOH, FSO3H, and H2SO4) at −70 to 120 °C for 30 min to 4 h gave, at first, (3-hydroxyalk-1-en-1-yl)diphenylphosphine oxides, as kinetically favorable reaction products, that are further converted into 1-phenyl-1,4-dihydrophosphinoline 1-oxides as thermodynamically stable compounds. The latter compounds are formed from phosphonoallenes under the action of a strong Lewis acid AlCl3 at room temperature for 10–120 min. This is a novel, simple and efficient (short reaction time, high yields) method for synthesis of such 1,4-dihydrophosphinoline 1-oxides.